su̯ek̂s, sek̂s, ksek̂s, ksu̯ek̂s, u̯ek̂s (: uk̂s) (*ghe-ska)

    su̯ek̂s, sek̂s, ksek̂s, ksu̯ek̂s, u̯ek̂s (: uk̂s) (*ghe-ska)

    English meaning: six

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ‘sechs”

    Material: O.Ind. ṣáṭ (from saṭṣ), Av. xšvaš; Arm. vec̣ (in vat’sun “60” is a from e umgelautet); Gk. ἕξ, dial. Fέξ (knidisch ξέστριξ “ 6-lined barley”, maybe from *ξεξ); Alb. [attribute noun] gjashtë ‘six”; [common Alb. gh- > gl- > gj- : lith. gh- > dz- phonetic mutation], hence Alb. gjashtë ‘six” from an ordinal number (*ghek̂s-ta) : O.Ind. ṣáṭ ‘six”, ṣaṣṭhá- ‘sixth” was initially an ordinal number.

    Note: Anatolian languages show a pattern similar to Alb. So Lycian aitãta (*ok̂tō(u)ta) “eight” : Alb. teta “eight”; Lycian ñuñtãta “nine” : Alb. nanda “nine”. Therefore Alb. shtata ‘seven” derived from a truncated *sa(p)tata ‘seven” later O.Ind. saptáthaḥ, Av. haptaϑa-, O.S. sivotho, O.E. seofoða , Lith. septiñtas; also O.Ind. saptatí-, Av. haptüiti- 70; in Alb. -ta, -të are attribute endings that were solidified in Anatolian and Indic cognates. The attribute ta (used in the genitive and adjectives) is unique to Alb. language alone. Therefore Alb. teta “eight” is a zero grade of Lycian aitãta (*ok̂tō(u)ta) “eight”. It was initially an ordinal number used as an attribute [compare Lat. octuügintü “80”]. Alb.Tosk nanta, Gheg nanda “ nine “ derived from Lycian ñuñtãta “nine”. Slav., Gmc., Balt languages follow illyr-Alb. attribute -ta ending. Lat. sex; O.Ir. sē “6”, seser “6 man”, mōr-feser “magnus seviratus, 7 man”, Welsh etc. chwech “6”; Goth. saihs, O.Ice. sex, O.H.G. sehs; Lith. inflectional šešì ; O.C.S. šestь (= O.Ind. ṣaṣṭí-); Toch. A ṣäk, В ṣkas; compare Lat. sēdecim: O.Ind. ṣōḍaśa 16 (Av. xšvašdasa- “the 16.”). ordinals: O.Ind. ṣaṣṭhá-, Av. xštva-; Arm. vec̣erord; Gk. ἕκτος; Alb. i-gjashtëtë, i-gjashtë; Illyr. Sestus; Lat. sextus, sestus (Sestius, Osc. ΢εστιες, Umbr. sestentasiaru ‘sextantariürum”; IE probably *s(u̯)ek̂tos, in Lat. and Gmc. with Eindringen of s from the Grundzahl); Gaul. suexos, O.Ir. sessed, Welsh chweched; Goth. saíhsta, O.H.G. sehsto, sehto, O.Ice. sētte; Lith. šẽ štas, O.Pruss. m. zero grade uschts, compare O.Lith. ušios “Wochenbett” (O.Pruss. Lw.), genuine Lith. šẽ šios ds.: O.C.S. šestъ; Toch. A ṣkäṣt, В ṣkaste. It seems from PIE root lemma for number six was spread to Semitic system: East: Akkadian+ shishshu, Central: Arabic sittah, Saudi sitta, Yemeni sitteh, Syrian sette, Lebanese setti, Cypriot sítte, Iraqi sitta, Egyptian sitta, E Libyan ‘sitta, N African (Darja) sitta, Moroccan setta, Sudanese si|tta, Nigerian sitte, Zanzibari sitte, Maltese sitta, Phoenecian+ sh-sh, Ugaritic+ t-t, Moabite+: Classical Hebrew+ shêsh, Modern Hebrew shesh, Classical Aramaic+ shitha:h, Modern: Aramaic shé:”tta:, Classical Syriac+ “eshta:, Syriac “ishta, Van ishta, South: Old S. Arabian+ s-d-th, South Arabian (Harsusi) “hatteh, (Sheri) shet, Socotra yha”T, N Ethiopic : Geez+ siddistu, Tigre ses, Beni Amir siss, Tigrinya shuddushte, S Ethiopic : Amharic siddist, Argobba seddest, Harari siddisti, E Gurage seddest, Gafat+ seddestä, Soddo seddest, Goggot seddest, Muher seddest, Masqan seddest, CW Gurage sedest, Ennemor sedest. Egyptian : Egyptian+ s-y-s-w, (Recons.) sar’saw, Coptic+ sow. Indo-European Germanic: Old Germanic+ *seks, Western: Old English+ sex, Middle English+ six, English six, Scots sax, Old Frisian+ sex, W.Frisian seis, Frisian (Saterland) sæks, Dutch zes, W/S Flemish zèsse, Brabants zes, Low Saxon söß, Emsland zes, Mennonite Plautdietsch sass, Afrikaans ses, German sechs, Central Bavarian sechse, Swabian sechs, Alsatian sex, Cimbrian sèks, Rimella zhakshe, Rheinfränkisch sechs, Pennsylvania sex, Luxembourgeois sechs, Swiss German sächs, Yiddish zeks, Middle High German+ sëhs, Old High German+ sehs, Northern: Runic+ sæx, Old Norse+ sex, Norwegian seks, Danish seks, Swedish sex, Faroese seks, Old Icelandic+ sex, Icelandic sex, Eastern: Gothic+ saíhs, Crimean+ seis, Italic: Oscan+ *sehs, Umbrian+ sehs-, Faliscan+ zex, Latin+ sex, Romance: Mozarabic+ xaix, Portuguese seis, Galician seis, Spanish seis, Ladino sex, Asturian seis, Aragonese seis, Catalan sis, Valencian sis, Old French+ sis, French six, Walloon shijh, Jèrriais six, Poitevin sis, Old Picard+ sies, Picard sis, Occitan (Provençal) sièis, Lengadocian sièis, Gascon shèis, Auvergnat siei, Limosin siei, Franco-Provençal (Vaudois) sî, Rumantsch Grischun sis, Sursilvan sis, Vallader ses, Friulian sîs, Ladin síes, Dalmatian+ si, Italian sei, Piedmontese sés, Milanese sés, Genovese sei, Venetian sié, Parmesan se:s, Corsican sei, Umbrian séi, Neapolitan sèië, Sicilian sie, Romanian s,ase, Arumanian s,ase, Meglenite s,asi, Istriot s,åse, Sardinian ses, Celtic: Proto-Celtic+ svex, Gaulish+ suex, Brythonic (PCeltic): Welsh chwech, Cardiganshire sich, Breton c”hwec”h, Vannetais huéh, Unified Cornish+ whegh, Common hwegh, Modern whee, Devonian+ hueh, Goidelic (Q-Celtic): Old Irish+ se, Irish sé, Scots Gaelic sia, Manx shey, Hellenic: Mycenean Greek+ we- (*wex-), Classical Greek+ héx, Greek éksi, Cypriot éksi, Tsakonian ékse, Tocharian: Tocharian A+ säk, Tocharian B+ skas, Albanian: Albanian gjashtë, Gheg (Qosaj) gh”asht, Tosk (Mandritsa) g”áshtë, Armenian: +Classical Armenian vech, Armenian vec, Baltic West : O.Pruss.+ *usjai, East : Lithuanian sheshì, Latvian seshi, Latgalian seshi, Slavic East : Russian shesth, shest”; Belarussian shesthh, shesc”; Ukrainian sh--sth, shist”; West : Polish szes”c”, Kashubian shesc, Polabian+ sist, Czech shest, Slovak shest”, West shest, East shesc, Upper Sorbian shêsc”, Lower Sorbian sêsc”, South: Old Church Slavonic+ shesti, Bulgarian shest, Macedonian shest, Serbo-Croat shêst, Slovene shest, Indo-Iranian: Proto-Indo-Iranian+ *(k)swacsh, Iranian Eastern: Ossetian Iron æxsæz, Digor æxsæz, Avestan+ xshuuash, Khwarezmian+ “x, Sogdian+ wghwshw, Yaghnobi uxsh, Bactrian+ Saka+ ksäta”, Pashto shpag, Wakhi sha:d, Munji a:xshe, Yidgha uxsho, Ishkashmi xu,l, Sanglechi Shughn xo:gh, Rushani xu:,w, Yazgulami xu, Sarikoli (Tashkorghani) xel, Parachi xi, Ormuri sh.ah, Western NorthWest : Parthian+ shwh, Yazdi shash, Nayini Natanzi shæsh, Khunsari shäsh, Gazi shösh, Sivandi shush, Vafsi shish, Semnani shash, Sangisari shash, Gilaki shish, Mazanderani shesh, Talysh shash, Harzani shosh, Zaza shesh, Gorani shIsh, Baluchi shesh, Turkmenistan shash, E Hill shash, Rakhshani (Western) sheshsh, Kermanji (S) Kurdish shash, Zaza (N) Kurdish shash, Bajalani shish, Kermanshahi shäsh, SouthWest : Old Persian+: Pahlavi+ shash, Farsi shesh, Isfahani shish, Tajik shash, Tati shæsh, Chali shesh, Fars shisht, Lari shish, Luri shish, Kumzari shish, Nuristani Ashkun shû:, Wasi-weri wu:sh, Kati shu, Kalasha-ala shu:, Indic : Sanskrit+ s.O.S., Prakrit+ ch”a, Ardhamagadhi+ cha, Pali+ cha, Romany (Gypsy): Spanish jol, Welsh shov, Kalderash shov, Syrian sha:s, Armenian shesh, Iranian shov, Sinhalese-Maldivian: Sinhalese haya, Vedda pahamay tava ekamay, Maldivian haie, Northern India Dardic: Kashmiri shah, Shina sha, Brokskat sa, Phalura shoh, Bashkarik sho:, Tirahi xo, Torwali sho:, Wotapuri sho:, Maiya sho:h, Kalasha sho, Khowar chhoy, Dameli sho, Gawar-bati shuo:, Pashai chha, Shumashti shoo, Nangalami so:, Dumaki sha, Western: Marathi seha, Konkani sô, Sindhi cha, Khatri cho, Lahnda ch”e:, Central: Hindi/ Urdu chai, Parya chhe, Punjabi che, Siraiki chi, Gujarati che, Rajasthani (Marwari) ch”aw, Banjari (Lamani) cho, Malvi ch”e:, Bhili so:, Dogri ch”e:, Kumauni ch”ai, Garhwali ch”ai:, W Pahari tsho:, Khandeshi ch”a, East Central: Nepali cha, Maithili ch”a:, Magahi chau, Bhojpuri chæ, Awadhi (Kosali) cha:, Chattisgarhi ch”e:, Eastern: Oriya cha”a, Bengali choy, Assamese sei, Mayang soy. Dravidian NorthWest : Brahui shash, Northeast : Kurukh soyye:, Malto so:ye, Central : Kolami saa / a:r, Naiki Parji se:je:n, Gadaba a:ru-gur, Telugu aaru, Gondi sa:ru:ng, Koya a:ru, Konda a:ru, Manda Pengo co, Kui sajgi, Kuvi so:, South: Tulu a:ji, Koraga aji, Kannada aaru, Badaga a:ru, Kodagu a:rũ, Kurumba -a.ru, Toda o:r, Kota a:re, Tamil aarru, Malayalam a:ru, Irula aru, Nahali Nahali cha:h, Basque Basque sei Etruscan Etruscan+ sa

    References: WP. II 522 f., WH. II 528 f., Wackernagel-Debrunner III 355 f., Ross TPS 1944, 54 f.